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Berthold Wolpe
Berthold Ludwig Wolpe (29 October 1905 - 5 July 1989) was a German calligrapher, typographer, type designer, book designer and illustrator. He was born in Offenbach near Frankfurt, emigrated to England in 1935 and became a naturalized British citizen in 1947. He was made a Royal Designer for Industry in 1959,〔(List of Past Royal Designers for Industry ) on the RSA website.〕 awarded an honorary doctorate by the Royal College of Art in 1968〔(List of Honorary Doctorates ) on the RCA website.〕 and appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1983.〔(''Supplement to The London Gazette'' ), 11 June 1983.〕 His wife was fellow artist Margaret Wolpe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article2085054.ece )〕
==Career==
Wolpe began his career as an apprentice in a firm of metalworkers, followed by four years as a student of Rudolf Koch at the Offenbach Kunstgewerbeschule. In 1932 he visited London and met Stanley Morison, who invited Wolpe to design a printing type of capital letters for the Monotype Corporation. The typeface, Albertus,〔Owen Williams, 'Berthold Wolpe and his Typeface Albertus'. In: ''Letter Arts Review'', Vol 20, No 1, 2006.〕〔Simon Garfield. 'Albertus'. In: ''Just My Type: A Book About Fonts''. London: Profile Books, 2010.〕 was first shown in 1935 and completed in 1940. When World War II was declared Wolpe, along with other German nationals living in England, was sent to an internment camp in Australia. He was permitted to return to England in 1941 and joined the production department at Faber and Faber. His use of Albertus and hand-painted lettering became strongly identified with Faber jackets in the years that followed, and continued from 1958 on the Faber paper covered Editions.〔James Pardey, ('Wolpe, Albertus and Faber's Classic Covers.' ) In: ''Creative Review'', December 2011.〕 He remained at Faber until his retirement in 1975 and is estimated to have designed over 1,500 book covers and dust jackets.〔Joseph Connolly, 'Berthold Wolpe: An Appreciation.' In: ''Eighty Years of Book Cover Design''. London: Faber and Faber, 2009.〕 A retrospective exhibition of Wolpe's career was held at the V&A Museum in 1980, and another in Mainz in 2006.
In addition to Albertus, Wolpe designed several other typefaces including Hyperion (1932), Tempest Titling (1935), Sachsenwald (1938, never widely released), Pegasus (1938-9), Decorata (1955) and LTB Italic (1973).〔(Susan Shaw. ''Berthold Wolpe''. London: The Merrion Press, 2005. )〕〔Neil Macmillan. ''An A-Z of Type Designers''. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2006.〕 He also taught at the Frankfurt and Offenbach School of Art (1929–33), Camberwell School of Art (1948–53), Royal College of Art (1956–57) and City & Guilds of London School of Art.
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